时态的一致主要是指在主从复合句中,主句与从句之间的时态一致通常主句的时态决定从句的时态。原则是:当主句是现在时与将来时,从句的谓语根据具体情况可以使用任何时态。但是,当主句谓语使用过去时,从句必须使用过去时态。如下表:
主句谓语
|
从句谓语
|
含 义
|
一般现在时
|
现在进行时;一般现在时
|
主、从句的动作同时发生
|
一般将来时;will,can,may+动词
|
表示从句的动作在主句的动作之后发生
|
一般过去时
|
表示从句的动作在主句的动作之前发生
|
现在完成时
|
表示从句的动作在主句的动作之前发生
|
一般过去时
|
过去进行时;一般过去时
|
表示主、从句的动作同时发生
|
would,could,might + 动词
|
表示从句的动作在主句之后发生
|
过去完成时
|
表示从句的动作在主句动作之前发生
|
教学难点
1、宾语从句和间接引语与主句的时态一致,符合上述原则。但如果宾语从句表示客观事实和真理,即使主句谓语用过去时,从句的谓语也应该使用一般现在时:如:
Our teacher told us a little knowledge is dangerous
我们老师告诉我们一知半解是危险的。
He said that light travels faster than sound.
他说光传播速度比声音快。
2、有些形容词后可以跟从句,这种从句常看成宾语从句,它的主、从句时态也符合上述原则。这些形容词有:afraid, glad, sure, sorry, certain, aware, confident, delighted, lucky, surprised, worried。如:
I’m sure that he will succeed.
3、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句也要与主句的时态一致。如:
That is why he was late for school.
例题:
1. Miss Gao isn’t here. She _______ to the station to meet Mr Brown.
A. went B. has gone C. has been D. would go
2. ________ a letter from him since he left.
A. haven’t got B. didn’t receive C. didn’t have D. haven’t feel
3. When I came in, they______ games in the room.
A. were playing B. are playing C. played D. plays
4. Hurry up! The play ________ for ten minutes.
A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began