动名词具有名词的特性,它在句子里主要起到主语、宾语和介词宾语的作用。
(1)动名词作主语
一般情况下表示一种抽象、泛指的动作,而不是一次性的具体的动作。动名词作主语时,常采用形式主语it。
Swimming in this river is dangerous.
It is dangerous swimming in this river.
(2)动名词作宾语
英语中有些动词只能接动名词作宾语,不能接不定式,这些动词有:
admit(承认) avoid(避开) can’t help(禁不住)
consider(考虑) deny(否认) enjoy(喜欢)
excuse(原谅) finish(完成) mind(介意)
practise(练习) miss(错过) suggest(建议)
I can’t help laughing.
I enjoyed reading this novel.
教学难点
动名词与不定式作直接宾语的比较
① remember doing sth. 表示“记午过去做过的一件事”。
remember to do sth. 表示“记得要去做某事”。
I remember seeing the man before.
② forget doing sth. 表示“忘记曾做过某事”。
forget to do sth. 表示“忘记去做某事”。如
I forgot to turn off the lights when I left the room
③ regret doing sth. 表示“对过去做过的一件事情后悔”。
regret to do sth. 表示“对还没做,或正在做的事情感到后悔、抱歉”。如:
I regret telling you the bad news.
I regret to say I’m unable to help you.
④ stop doing sth. 表示“停止正在做的事情”。
stop to do sth. 表示“停下来,去做另一件事情”。如:
We stopped to see what happened.
Let’s stop talking about it.
⑤ try doing sth. 表示“尝试着做某事”。
try to do sth. 表示“设法做某事”。如:
I’ll try doing it in a new way.
I once tried to learn Japanese.
⑥ mean doing sth 表示“意味着,意思是”
mean to do sth. 表示“打算,想要做某事”。如:
Giving up the job means missing a good opportunity.
放弃这份工作意味着错过了一个好机会。
I mean to help him with it.
⑦ prefer to do sth ……rather than do sth
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 表示“喜欢做这件事而不喜欢做那件事”。如:
I prefer working to staying at home.
This pair of shoes needs repairing.
The walls of the room want whitewashing.